Introduction to E-learning: Types, Benefits and Strategies

Prologue to E-learning: Types, Benefits and Strategies Part 2. Foundation and Related Work Presentation During the most recent decade the measure of writing distributed in the field of eLearning has developed perceptibly, as has the decent variety in perspectives and perspectives of individuals who take a shot at this subject. The general foundation introduced here as to eLearning incorporates the definition, subtleties of various sorts and the idea of value. Data quality inside data frameworks (IS), web mining and data separating procedures are the fundamental territories on which supporting writing is basically engaged. Be that as it may, an inside and out clarification of each part of these examination fields is outside the extent of this writing audit. The writing introduced here is especially centered around the subtopics of these huge examination zones which are legitimately pertinent to this exploration. The structure of this section is isolated into three principle parts: a general perspective on eLearning including meanings of eLearning, a review of eLearning types and the idea of value in eLearning; data quality (IQ) inside ISs; and data extraction strategies. Each area incorporates various subsections which address the components that are applicable to this examination. ELearning In this piece of the writing survey, we center around eLearning by giving a conversation about the meanings of eLearning, eLearning types and the idea of value in eLearning. Also, in this segment we establish the framework for the general idea of value in eLearning whereupon the exploration will be based. This segment likewise presents a conversation about the connections between innovation, clients and substance in an eLearning setting. ELearning Definition The term eLearning is utilized in the writing and in business to portray numerous fields, for example, web based learning, electronic preparing, separation learning, appropriated learning, virtual learning, or innovation based preparing. During ongoing decades, eLearning has been characterized in a few cases in various ways. In any distribution in the field of eLearning, guarantee that the writers seeing precisely coordinates that of most of the perusers, subsequently, the particular definition utilized ought to be expressed first. Also, to arrive at a more clear comprehension of what eLearning is, in this piece of the proposal we present various meanings of eLearning as referenced in the writing. All in all, the majority of the meanings of the term eLearning are utilized to communicate the abuse of innovations which can be utilized to convey learning (or learning materials) in an electronic arrangement, doubtlessly by means of the World Wide Web (WWW). Psaromiligkos and Retalis consider eLearning to be the frameworks which use the WWW as a conveyance mechanism for static learning assets, for example, instructional documents, or as an interface onto intelligent The past definitions take a gander at eLearning as a rule; in more detail, eLearning can be as courses or as modules and littler learning materials it additionally could take different structures. Romiszowski considers these subtleties and sums up the definitions experienced in the writing in a way that stresses that eLearning can be a singular, singular action, or a shared gathering movement. It likewise proposes that both simultaneous and offbeat intuitive structures can be locked in. Naidu likewise thinks about the distinctions in the types of collaboration when attempting to figure a general meaning of eLearning: instructive procedures that use data and correspondences innovation to intercede offbeat just as coordinated learning and educating exercises. The position embraced in this examination is that eLearning involves the innovation used to disperse the learning materials, the nature of these materials, and the association with students. The meaning of eLearning utilized in this examination tends to these measurements as far as: the utilization of new sight and sound advancements and the Internet to improve the nature of learning by encouraging access to assets and administrations just as remote trade and joint efforts ELearning Types As notice prior, eLearning takes a wide range of structures and incorporates various sorts of frameworks. In the surviving writing eLearning types are characterized following two primary tomahawks: the client setting (people, gatherings or a network of clients) and clients commitment and intelligence. Romiszowski considers these subtleties and sums up the definitions experienced in the accompanying table, which underlines that eLearning can be a lone, singular action, or a collective gathering action. It additionally proposes that both coordinated and offbeat intelligent structures can be locked in. Looking all the more profoundly at the division of the types of intelligence utilized in eLearning frameworks, there are two principle sorts of eLearning: nonconcurrent and simultaneous, contingent upon learning and instructing exercises. Coordinated eLearning conditions require mentors and students, or the online cohorts, to be online simultaneously, where live connections occur between them. In this unique situation, Doherty depicts an Asynchronous Learning Network (ALN) as an assortment of eLearning frameworks which circulate learning materials and ideas toward each path in turn. In addition, Spencer and Hiltz express ALN as a spot where students can connect with learning materials, coaches and different students, through the WWW at various occasions and from better places. The focal point of this examination will be on a situation where understudies sign in to and utilize the framework freely of different understudies and staff individuals, just as utilizing offbeat techniques with respect to learning content, quality administration and conveyance which fit immovably into the general meaning of the nonconcurrent eLearning condition. Quality Concept in ELearning The meaning of eLearning received in this proposal speaks to three central measurements: innovation, access and quality. The concentration in this examination will be on quality, which is viewed as a critical issue for instruction when all is said in done, and for eLearning specifically. This area of the writing audit will talk about ideas of value in eLearning for the most part, and feature the significance of substance as the most basic factor for the general quality. At present, there are two perceived difficulties in eLearning: the interest for by and large interoperability and the solicitation for (high) caliber. In any case, quality can't be communicated and set by a basic definition, since in itself quality is an exceptionally conceptual idea. Truth be told, it is a lot simpler to see the nonappearance of value than its essence. Regardless of endeavors to arrive at a far reaching, all inclusive meaning of value in eLearning, there is as yet a major equivocalness encompassing the issue. One position is to think about quality as an assessment of greatness, a position which is principally received by colleges and training foundations. For instance, in colleges quality instructing and learning are advanced as the top need, concentrating on rules or estimations in regards to showing contribution to courses, the learning results, and the intuitiveness with the framework. Another pattern is to think about the improvement in quality, where quality is improved by moving past the set originations applied, and by and large moving toward an adaptable procedure of arrangement, which needs an exceptionally elevated level of value ability from those included. Moreover, quality can be seen and considered from various perspectives. Here, the SunTrust Equitable report outlines what they see to be the worth chain in eLearning as a pyramid. The substance is the most basic factor of eLearning. In reality, to have the option to utilize the web as an instrument to improve learning, the substance ought not occupy students, yet increment their enthusiasm for learning. Learning apparatuses and empowering influences are additionally significant in the learning technique. As a general rule, suppliers of learning stages and information the board frameworks are key in the effective conveyance of substance. These organizations give the important foundation to convey learning content. Besides, learning specialist organizations (LSP) are the circulation channels for content suppliers. One of the difficulties confronting these information centers and LSPs is to guarantee that the students are getting new substance. Organizations concentrated on instructive e-following at that point total the worth pyramid of eLearning. Taking a gander at the pyramid it tends to be obviously seen that substance is the most basic part of learning through the web. Along these lines, Henry expressed that eLearning is made out of three primary perspectives: substance, innovation and administrations, he additionally underlined that substance is the most huge factor. In spite of the fact that this proposition will concentrate on the nature of substance conveyed by eLearning as the most significant rules and the most powerful in the general degree of learning quality, the predefined setting and the points of view of clients additionally should be considered when characterizing quality in eLearning. It is likewise basic to group appropriate standards to address this quality. ELearning Technology, Users and Content Albeit most eLearning clarifications center around the innovation and not on the learning, it is essential to remember the individuals eLearning is intended for. Additionally, singular learning styles and required learning materials ought to be tended to first. At that point a reasonable electronic conveyance strategy can be embraced. On their site (agelesslearner.com), Karl and Marcia Conner remarked, in such manner, that Maybe the e ought to really follow the word learning'. Henry depicts the substance in a manner that incorporates all conveyed materials, including the materials which are typically offered in study hall based learning and that are custom fitted for eLearning, notwithstanding some other information the engineer may offer. Truth be told, eLearning frameworks are considered to

What Was the Role of the First World War on Mussolini’s Transition

What was the job of the First World War in Mussolini’s progress from Socialism to Fascism? Mussolini’s disputable progress from his Socialist roots to pioneer of the Fascist Party has been puzzling to many, especially the individuals who see it as an unexpected and irregular change. Be that as it may, numerous history specialists, for example, O’Brien, have proposed this progress was not all that irregular; Mussolini’s political move from the Left to the Right was the aftereffect of World War One. Italy’s passage into the war in 1915 separated the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), which prompted Mussolini’s removal and his fast political evolution.On the other hand, Gregor contends that Mussolini’s hidden progressive nature was the principle explanation behind his change, as it guided his convictions to embrace different philosophies that accommodated with his longing for transformation. On the other hand, Payne contends that Nationalism finished the foundation of Fascism. This exposition will investigate these three contentions so as to comprehend whether Mussolini’s progress from Socialism to Fascism was the consequence of the war, his progressive nature, or the impact of Nationalism. O’Brien has contended that the advancements in the First World War guided Mussolini’s political change from Socialism to Fascism.Italy’s intercession into the war, to Mussolini’s individual involvement with the channels and the heartbreaking Battle of Caporetto all added to Mussolini’s political development. Italy’s mediation into World War One out of 1915 connoted a vital point in Mussolini’s political vocation. As a Socialist, Mussolini was relied upon to advance the nonpartisanship of Italy in the war, which he at first did. In the Socialist paper, Avanti, Mussolini pronounced that Italy ought to stay unbiased, as Italy had not begun the war, and it would forfeit many average workers lives.However, Mussolini’s see on intercession before long changed (in any event publically), as he started to communicate master interventionist compositions in Avanti. In October 1914, Mussolini contended that the PSI had constantly bolstered the partners, accordingly intercession would not be modifying their convictions and that war could be viewed as an open door for upset. Moreover, he contended that lack of bias was hazardous and it would have results, especially for Italian expansionism if the Allies or Central Powers an attached area Italy wanted, for example, the Balkans. Notwithstanding, the Socialists didn't concur and 20 October 1914, Mussolini was removed from the PSI.Thus, the issue of mediation showed how Mussolini’s convictions advanced from the beginning of World War One. Then again, Mussolini’s evident difference in heart from neutralist to interventionist was not so much a change. In addition to the fact that interventionism was predi ctable with his progressive Socialism, he had just distributed and concurred with the syndicalist, Panunzio’s, genius intercession articles in his own paper, Utopia in November 1913. In any case, despite the fact that the intercession issue might not have changed Mussolini’s sees essentially, he was ousted from the PSI thus, which considerably affected his convictions afterwards.Thus, mediation could be viewed as the draftsman of his political advancement. Likewise, Mussolini’s individual involvement with the channels added to the improvement of his political convictions. Mussolini joined the war in August 1915, which stirred his enthusiasm. He likewise turned out to be less enemy of military. Nonetheless, Mussolini’s enthusiasm has been distinguished from as right on time as 1909. During his time in Trentino, Mussolini became related with Battisti; his solid energy for Italy enlivened Mussolini.Furthermore, as a communist, Mussolini had constantly focuse d on that Socialism was against Nationalism, not the country. In any case, his feeling of national solidarity and resistance of the military were communicated during his time in the channels and spoke to an essential change in his political idea. It additionally exhibited his propensity to adjust his perspectives because of evolving conditions. The Battle of Caporetto in October 1917 hugy affected the advancement of Mussolini’s political demeanor; just because he related to the Nationalist movement.Indeed, De Felice accepts that this fiasco was generally liable for Mussolini’s change to Fascism. The Battle was an unexpected German and Austrian hostile on the Italian Army, which brought about the breakdown of the Italian Front and numerous passings. This was exacerbated by the Italian General Cadorna; he accused the warriors and demolished their spirit. Mussolini safeguarded the officers and needed equity. The Nationalist development had a comparative mentality. The Bat tle of Caporetto improved Mussolini’s mentality towards the military and carried him closer to the Nationalist development and conservative politics.Thus, the advancements in World War One made enormous political distress at home, which modified Mussolini’s political reasoning and perspectives towards communism, the military and the country. These progressions were huge in Mussolini’s change to Fascism, accordingly the war played a focal job in Mussolini’s political development. On the other hand, Gregor has contended that Mussolini’s progress to Fascism was the aftereffect of his progressive nature, as he just embraced convictions that were consistent with his longing for revolution.This has been upheld by the possibility that Mussolini never really had a place with any ideological group. In reality, Mussolini’s political convictions from his Socialist days seem, by all accounts, to be a finish of acquired belief systems from Marxism, Socia lism and progressive Syndicalism. In spite of the fact that by fifteen years old Mussolini considered himself a communist, he dismissed moderate communist thoughts of change in light of the fact that it was complying with common society and was latent. Along these lines, he was more impacted by Marxism.He loathed the bourgeoisie and conventional establishments, for example, the Catholic Church and the military, as they obviously quelled the working class. Thus, he accepted that class encounter and transformation by the low class would resolve this suppression. Mussolini contradicted Parliament, as he accepted they were too self-required to change Italy from a retrogressive State. He additionally disdained Nationalism as it obviously embraced the personal stakes of the bourgeoisie, church, military and monarchy.Thus, Mussolini’s political mentality was a mix of the extreme parts of Marxism, Socialism and progressive Syndicalism, while dismissing moderate viewpoints, for exampl e, change. This backings that Mussolini was just a progressive, not focused on any one Party or belief system and this is the explanation he had the option to embrace Fascism. Then again, it might have been Mussolini’s impacts (especially in his childhood) that prompted this blend of convictions, instead of his absence of dedication to any one ideology.Mack Smith accepts that Mussolini’s father had the best effect on his political demeanor. His dad was an extreme communist, regularly in jail, and Mussolini invested a great deal of energy with him and his communist partners. Be that as it may, as a youngster, Mussolini turned out to be more impacted by Marx than Socialism. Besides, during his time in Switzerland in 1902, Mussolini got comfortable with progressive syndicalists, for example, Michels and LeBon(who expounded on swarm brain research; swarms evidently required legends to rouse them ) and Panunzio (who was against reforms).Thus, Mussolini was encircled by gove rnmental issues since early on, which may clarify why he was propelled by such huge numbers of various belief systems. In any case, all things considered, these impacts fortified his characteristic progressive impulses. Without a doubt, a portion of these thoughts that affected Mussolini were later found in the Fascist system, for example, fantasies around the Duce. This thusly repeats Gregor’s contention that Mussolini’s progressive nature drove him to embrace sees that supplemented his craving for insurgency and was along these lines open to any Party that would give this, including Fascism.On the opposite, Payne has contended that Mussolini’s Fascism was the aftereffect of the Nationalist development. While Mussolini’s thoughts developed from Socialism, through progressive Syndicalism, Nationalism finished the change. For sure, when Mussolini was ousted from the PSI, he expected to help another person; thus went to the progressive Syndicalists who were likewise expert mediation. This showed Mussolini’s inclination to change as indicated by political circumstances, and the significance of the belief systems he turned to.Indeed, the progressive Syndicalists were noteworthy, as they had matches with the Nationalist Party (ANI). These included savagery that would prompt a transformation of the classes, government and class pecking order. The two of them accepted that intercession into the war would make unrest, along these lines showing solidarity of the Left and Right. Moreover, syndicalists, for example, Michels, focused on the significance of joining the classes to ensure the Italian country. This features the component of national cognizance in Syndicalism.These covers exhibit the impact of the National development on Mussolini’s advancement. By embracing progressive Syndicalism, Mussolini was basically receiving components of Nationalism, which accordingly impacted his excursion to Fascism. Then again, the fiasco a t Caporetto majorly affected Italy’s political circumstance and made more help for the Nationalists. It was the response of the Nationalists after Caporetto that affected Mussolini. Caporetto implied serious frustration with the present government and made national solidarity among the Italians.Cadorna’s accusing of the fighters made displeasure and Corradini (a lead figure in Nationalism) bel

How Much Equity to Give to New Co-Founders and Employees

How Much Equity to Give to New Co-Founders and Employees The journey to founding and running a startup from an idea is indeed very exciting for entrepreneurs even though the process carries its own share of risks and tough decisions to make. One of the most difficult decisions you will have to make as a founder is how to distribute equity among your co-founder(s) and earliest employees. Equity negotiations can be a cause of disagreements and stress and yet, are absolutely necessary. © Shutterstock.com | LightspringWith respect to the division of equity, there is really no one-size-fits-all solution that may be cited. However, this article makes the task easier by introducing you to: 1) what compensation methods are available for new co-founders first employees, 2) some factors to help determine how much equity founders get, 3) fixing employee equity, and 4) suggestions (formulas) for distributing equity shares.WHAT COMPENSATION METHODS ARE AVAILABLE FOR NEW CO-FOUNDERS FIRST EMPLOYEESEquity shareEquity share is a term that refers to non-cash compensation in terms of company ownership. Considering the fact that executing an equity compensation program is a complicated affair, companies have to plan and utilize appropriate accounting, legal and tax advice and planning. Typically, founders get equity share in the startup’s initial period and either forego their salary or settle for a low one. Equity compensation helps to attract and keep employees in a startup environment because these companies generally are short of the initial funds to get superior employees.Stock optionsStock options are a kind of stock-based compensation (involving an agreement whereby an employee, typically a high-placed executive gets company stock instead of or in addition to cash as salary). The intention behind offering stock compensation is to provide the employee with a considerable portion of the company’s stake, expecting this to motivate him to work harder or operate in the best interest of shareholders. If the company’s share price increases, stock compensation can be quite lucrative for the employee.Stock options are of two types namely non-qualified stock options (NQOs) and incentive stock options (ISOs). NQOs do not give the recipient any special tax treatment and may be granted to consultants, directors and employees. ISOs are a production of the tax code. As long as a set of statutory requirements are met, the holder or recipient will get favorab le tax treatment. However, owing to this pleasing treatment, there is a limit on the availability of this stock option. Typically, no tax effect applies to the optionee when he is being vested or granted either stock option.Apart from stock options, a startup may consider other kinds of stock-based compensation such as restricted stock, California style or early exercise option, or profits interests. Whichever the kind of stock compensation opted for, it carries its own distinct set of advantages and disadvantages.Fixed salaryFixed salary is common for employees whereas equity sharing is more the norm for co-founders.Considering the future expectations of your company, managing a trade-off between the three compensation methods discussed above might just be superior to any other combination.SOME FACTORS TO HELP DETERMINE HOW MUCH EQUITY FOUNDERS GETThough the way equity is split varies with individual situation, here are some factors that are typically taken into consideration:Who c ame up with the idea?The person who came up with the original idea for the business gets a premium. His premium further increases if he is also the one who started the early development efforts and gathered together the original team. Depending on the contributions in this area, share holdings are boosted by 5 to 30 percent. An only founder gets 100 percent equity at the idea stage.Stage of the startupAs the startup grows (from idea stage through co-founder, family and friends, seed round, Series A, and IPO stages) and it gets more and more funding, the more companys equity has to be given up in return for new financing. At the same time, you as a founder or one of the founders are getting a share of a pie that keeps growing bigger with your business’ growth.Salary or no salaryIt is not unusual for start-up founders to forego a salary or settle for a reduced salary in the initial days of a start-up. When founders forego a salary in the initial period, they typically get considerab le ownership in exchange. Some may say that foregone salary should not be made up for in terms of equity, firstly, because it is practically impossible to settle on the correct amount of equity for the sacrificed salary. Secondly, the practice can trigger certain issues with respect to tax, accounting, and withholding.RoleUsually, people with a prominent role/position in the company get a premium stake over those with a non-key role. Thus, a CTO or CEO gets a much bigger stake than for example, a graphic designer or office manager. With respect to equity sharing among co-founders, one can think in terms of the co-founder’s anticipated role in the organization on the basis of his degree of skill, capability, and the firm’s requirements. However, considering that your firm’s needs and possibly even the roles of the founders, could change considerably over time it would be wise not to base the equity distribution too much on just one skill or contribution.Nature of contributionTh e contribution of a founder could for example, include one or more of these: the idea, patents, capital, business expertise, or ongoing work. Comprehend the nature of contribution and its value and give the fair due based on contribution. For a co-founder who makes considerable capital contribution, you may consider giving them additional founder shares in return. Alternatively, you can consider distributing founder equity on the basis of the individual level of work contribution (sweat equity) from each individual. In that case, you would give a founder’s financial contributions the same treatment as you would give those of a seed investor â€" by issuing series seed preferred stock or convertible debt.Money or funding (External investors)A commonly accepted formula for distributing equity within the hierarchical organization is this:In the case of a single phase of investmentsFounders: 50 to 70 percent Investors: 20 to 30 percent Option pool: 10 to 20 percentIn the case of multip le phases of investmentsFounders: 20 to 30 percent Investors: 50 to 70 percent Option pool: 10 to 20 percentWith respect to dividing equity among individual investors, a simple formula is this,  if you have to raise $3 million but the investors feel the company’s value amounts to $10 million, you should hand over 30 percent of the company to them for their money.SacrificesWhen founders contribute to the startup venture, they may be coming from any of various situations â€" while some may have been close to a considerable raise, some others may have been dealing with unemployment. The earnings that a founder was used to prior to deciding to co-found could impact the extent of equity he asks for. To retain a founder’s interest, it may be necessary to suggest a more attractive offer.  Part-time or full-time A part-time founder gets less equity than the one who devotes his entire time (possibly after quitting an existing job) to the venture. The reason is obvious â€" he has less wei ght of risk on his shoulders and is also giving in less time and value commitment to the company. Generally, a part-timer gets under half the equity that his full-time counterpart gets.Kevin Systrom: The Equity Question FIXING EMPLOYEE EQUITYThe objective of employee equity is to make the first employees sensitive to feel an emotional ownership with your/your company’s great idea, its gripping product and the organization you are asking them to help grow.Factors affecting employee equityThe percentage equity a hire gets depends on factors such as domain expertise, how early he joins (if he joins earlier, there is more risk and less stock), how critical the person is to the company and its funding, experience with associated ventures, whether or not he is replaceable, and connections. An equity premium may be considered if the employee is irreplaceable.How dilution affects employee equityThe percentage of equity an employee gets over time would gradually come down as more investors join and the company has to issue more stock (dilution). If, for example, an employee started off with 5 percent of equity, followed by which the company received two rounds of funding, the employee’s stock may be reduced to  two-thirds or even half the original percentage for each funding round.Here’s a reality check. The early staff of a pre-funded startup that ultimately raises some rounds of capital can expect to endure considerable dilution, if the outcome is positive. If the outcome is less than positive, considering preferences, the employee may have to expect nothing more than what’s necessary to keep them on the job, if that’s required at the acquiring company.Entrepreneur Advice From Founders: How Much Equity to Give Co-Founders SUGGESTIONS (FORMULAS) FOR DISTRIBUTING EQUITY SHARESHere are some suggestions for a sample model of ownership (equity) distribution.Idea StageIf you are the sole person who came up with the idea for your business at this stage, you get to keep 100 percent.Co-founder stageIdeally, a startup should have a minimum of two founding members and no more than five partners. In this model, let’s assume that there are two co-founders. Your co-founder contributes considerable value, is doing half the work and is taking a great risk by co-founding. Though you came up with the idea, considering that your co-founder is doing so much for the business, it is only fair to give her a 50 percent share of the equity pie.If there are more co-founders, you might want to consider creating a table with the names of all the founders, the eight factors mentioned above for determining equity distribution and/or any other factors you may feel necessary. You can also consider creating a table with these five key factors alone â€" idea, business plan, commitment and risk, domain expertise, and responsibilities. Attach a value (weight) to each of the factors from 1 to 10 and multiply it by the founder’s contribution to that factor to come up with an equity allocation formula.Family Friends StageWith respect to family and friends, it may be better to consider their contribution as a loan and just repay it instead of going for equity allocation.Seed RoundKey investors that figure in the seed round are angel investors. While an angel investor invests her own money in a promising venture, a venture capitalist invests money from other people. In addition, unlike venture capitalists (VCs), a lot of angel investors don’t invest purely for profit. A key motivating factor for them may be the enjoyment associated with assisting a young business to succeed.Angel investorsConsider that your angel investor has a minimum of $1 million in the bank or has an annual income of $200,000. Let’s say he assumes your business is worth $1 million and decides to invest $200,000. To decide the percentage equity you should give to the angel, calculate the post-money valuation and divide the investment by this amount.Thus: post-money valuatio n= $1,000,000 + $200,000= $1,200,000Equity percentage = $200,000/$1,200,000 = 1/6 or 16.7%Early employeesA usual range for the option pool would be 15 to 20% to begin with. You can consider paying your first employees market salaries. Series AThe first VC round makes up Series A.Let’s assume that the venture capitalist puts your company’s current value at $4 million (pre-money valuation) and decides to invest $2 million.Thus, post-money valuation= $4,000,000 + $2,000,000 = $6,000,000Equity percentage= $2,000,000/$6,000,000= 1/3 or 33 .3%Following Series A, you may continue to Series B and C. At some point, you may reach one of any three situations:Your funding is over with no investors to help and your business dies,You acquire enough funding to develop something which a bigger company desires to buy,Your progress is so good that following a number of funding rounds, you go public (Initial Public Offering or IPO).Post Series AWith respect to option pools at this stage, the media n range can be assumed at approximately 15 to 25 percent depending on the company’s headcount requirements.Initial Public OfferingInitial Public Offering or IPO refers to a company’s first sale of stock to the public. The majority of IPOs are offered by small companies in search of a new source of financing. Through this source of financing, a company can raise funds from millions of normal people. One of the key reasons why you could choose to go public is that the stocks you sell on the stock market can be bought by anybody. Owing to the fact that anyone can purchase the stocks, you would probably be able to see a good amount of stock without much delay compared to approaching individual investors and requesting them to invest. This makes it an easier option for acquiring money. However, an IPO is not without risk. One cannot tell how much demand would be there for the stock following its initial offering. The risk is because of the uncertainty with respect to the stock’s re sale value.The IPO stage is a cash-out day for employees who accepted stock in exchange for living with the risk of a possible startup failure, and working for low salaries.Whatever kind of math you apply to split founder equity, at the end of the day, all parties affected should be happy about the distribution. The ideal win-win situation is to create the right kind of incentive to make people continue to toil for your company without it being too much of a financial burden for you.In closing, a few last words of advice. Irrespective of the initial equity split, it may be wise to seriously think about vesting your founder shares over a minimum period of two years at least. By vesting, you would be enabling the shares to be metered out so that a partner who defects early or changes his mind, would not carry off half the company.Founders Dilemmas: Equity Splits